Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) is a disruption to normal brain function caused by a sudden blow, jolt, or bump to the head. It can also occur when an object pierces the skull, entering brain tissue. TBI can lead to temporary or permanent cognitive impairment, physical disability, and social impairment. The injury may also be accompanied by loss of consciousness or memory, alteration in mental state, and neurological deficits.
While there are many potential causes of TBI, the most common include:
- Motor vehicle accidents
- Falls
- Work-related injuries
- Sports-related injuries
- Alcohol
Oftentimes, emergency treatment provided after TBI is focused on stabilizing the patient and promoting survival. Efforts may include getting blood and oxygen to the brain, controlling blood pressure, and preventing further damage. Further treatments are also provided to help minimize symptoms, such as therapy and rehabilitation. Medications, including muscle relaxants, antidepressants, and anticoagulants, may also be provided.
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